India sent 2,596 arms shipments to Israel during Gaza conflict: Amnesty
These shipments were sent between 7 October 2023 and 30 November 2025.
Amnesty International's new report claims that during the ongoing war in Gaza, Indian government and private military companies sent at least 2,596 shipments of weapons, ammunition, and military equipment to Israel, including millions of parts and military materials.
Middle East Eye reports that these shipments were sent between 7 October 2023 and 30 November 2025. They included machine gun parts, 155 mm high-explosive artillery shells sent to Israeli company Elbit Systems, explosive warheads for SkyStriker "kamikaze" drones, and parts for armoured military vehicles. The report states that the warheads sent for SkyStriker drones were similar to those found in the rubble of Khan Yunis.
According to Amnesty International,
these shipments included 5,64,970 parts related to explosive weapons, such as drone warheads and artillery shell casings. Additionally, there were 3,90,516 small arms parts for military-grade weapons and 298 components for military vehicles. These items were sent to major Israeli companies that supply military materials to the Israeli army. As of 29 July 2026, at least 2,47,387 Palestinians have been killed or injured following Israel's military operation in Gaza. Israel launched this military operation after attacks led by Hamas on southern Israel on 7 October 2023.
Amnesty's report, published on Thursday, is titled "Made in India: The Supply of Weapons and Ammunition to Israel". The report states that its conclusions are based on a deliberately cautious and limited methodology. Therefore, the figures recorded in the report may understate India's actual contribution to Israel's military supply chain. This report is part of a series of allegations that India has supported Israel's military operations in Gaza at the material level. Previously, there were allegations that after October 2023, India provided Israel with combat drones, bombs, and weapon parts.
In May, the Palestinian-led Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement and No Harbour for Genocide warned about the large volume of military materials going from India to Israel. A spokesperson for No Harbour for Genocide said at the time that while Israel has a large domestic defence production, it relies on other countries for certain types of parts and materials. These include high-tech materials used in the aerospace sector and large quantities of military steel. Similarly, an investigation by Al Jazeera based on Israeli Tax Authority import data found that between October 2023 and October 2025, India was the second-largest exporter of military-related goods to Israel.
However, Al Jazeera also clarified that these figures might only present a partial picture of the total arms transfers to Israel. These figures do not prove that the materials sent were ultimately used in Gaza. Amnesty's investigators also based their analysis on shipments classified under specific Harmonized System (HS) codes. HS codes are a customs system used to classify goods in international trade. According to Amnesty, it had written to nine companies and the Indian government seeking responses in this matter, but no replies were received by the time the report was published.
Amnesty International's Secretary-General Agnes Callamard said in a statement,
After the International Court of Justice (ICJ) acknowledged the potential risk of genocide against Palestinians in Gaza in its interim orders, Indian authorities cannot credibly claim they were unaware that continuing to permit and facilitate arms transfers to Israel could pose a significant risk of contributing to serious violations of international law.
Callamard further stated that while the Israeli military continued to inflict death and suffering in Gaza, Indian companies profited by supplying parts and ammunition to Israel's defence sector.
It is noteworthy that over the past decade, under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, India-Israel relations have strengthened rapidly. India is the world's largest buyer of Israeli weapons. Several Israeli arms manufacturers have also established production facilities in India through joint ventures with Indian companies. Earlier this year, during Modi's visit to Israel, the two countries elevated their relations to the level of a "special strategic partnership for peace, innovation, and prosperity". This has further expanded the scope of relations between the two countries. Several new Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) have been signed, and potential defence partnerships have been reported. These include discussions on manufacturing Iron Dome interceptor missiles for Israel in India. Diplomatically, the Indian government is also counted among Israel's strong supporters.
New Delhi has refused to join the case filed by South Africa against Israel in the International Court of Justice, which accuses Israel of violating the Genocide Convention. India has also rejected calls to impose arms embargoes on Israel. The report also mentions actions against pro-Palestinian protests and activism within India. In September 2024, when Indian civil society organisations filed a petition in the Supreme Court to halt arms exports, the court dismissed it. The Supreme Court stated that decisions related to foreign policy fall within the government's jurisdiction, not the judiciary's.
External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar has also stated that India's arms exports are determined based on the country's "national interest". Jaishankar said that the question of India's exports, including any items that could be used directly or indirectly for military purposes, is determined based on the country's national interest and India's commitments to various international arrangements. Regarding Israel, Jaishankar said it is a country with which India has long-standing strong cooperation in the field of national security. He also said that whenever India's national security was threatened, Israel stood with India on different occasions.